Category Archives: Lost golf courses

The first review is in …

Don Berry writes this about “Fore! Gone.”:

“A real page turner. I kept imagining myself playing these wonderful (and even not so wonderful) courses and wishing I had the chance to play some of these lost gems.”

Thanks, Don!

The back story:

About a month ago, I asked Mr. Berry, the head professional at Edinburgh USA in Brooklyn Park, a 14-time Minnesota Section PGA Player of the Year and Minnesota Golf Hall of Famer, if he would consider reading my book for the possible purpose, if he liked it, of writing a quick endorsement for the book’s back cover.

Berry spent the next few weeks reading the book, and reading greens. He finished fourth in the state senior PGA championship, then second in the state PGA match play (the guy can really play; I am among those who would love to see him take a shot at playing the Champions Tour, though he certainly knows what’s best for his career and life). This morning, he got back to me with an email. It opened:

“I read the whole book, cover to cover – really liked it, easy to read.”

Don added that he can’t wait to see the pictures, and I’m with him on that. Well, I guess I have seen the pictures, but I can’t wait to see how the words and pictures (modern-day photos by Peter Wong, many old photos by those who told me stories about the courses) come together, courtesy of my talented book designer, Tami Dever.

Back to Don’s email … he also offered these comments on “Fore! Gone.”, and I am honored and humbled to relate some of them here, with his permission:

“A morning tee time at Byrn Mawr? How great to play Westwood Hills and look over the fence at MGC! A great day of 36 at Hillcrest and Northwood? I’m in! Oh, how fun it would have been.”

“Reading the book I kept imagining myself playing these wonderful (and even not so wonderful) courses in the ‘20s and ‘30s – a different day, different equipment but how fun!”

A couple of Don’s comments will be melded together, again with his permission, and used as an endorsement on the back cover of “Fore! Gone. Minnesota’s Lost Golf Courses, 1897-1999”. I am deeply grateful for your time and words, Mr. Berry. Now go win a U.S. Senior Open. Or two.

North metro trivia tour

Friday marked Day 3 of the Great, Or Maybe Fair to Middling, Flyer Distribution Tour. Six north-metro courses visited. Would have been seven, except for MNDot’s carefully devised scheme to block off 147 streets and highways in a five-mile-square area and prevent any motorized vehicles from visiting certain neighborhoods in New Brighton, Shoreview and Arden Hills.

I’ll offer few real revelations about the places I visited, just a few ruminations:

islandlake

Island Lake Golf and Training Center, Shoreview: Great location, within a purely struck 8-iron of the hardpan known as I-694. I’ve hit balls here but never played the course. Fine driving range. This place is best known in my family for the miniature golf course, which my son Nick really enjoys, but where he almost never actually finishes a hole.

Hey, Nick, may I remind you of this little golf technicality, found in the appropriately capitalized Rules of Golf:

3-2. Failure to Hole Out
If a competitor fails to hole out at any hole and does not correct his mistake before he makes a stroke on the next teeing ground or, in the case of the last hole of the round, before he leaves the putting green, he is disqualified.

columbia

Columbia Golf Club, Minneapolis: “Columbia Golf Club started as a simple 6-hole, sand green golf course in 1919 and was expanded to 18 holes in 1923,” the Minneapolis Parks website says. That history nugget, the large hardwood trees and the clubhouse with the yellow-rock facing always make me feel like I’m going back in time whenever I visit here — and that’s not a bad thing. Columbia has something of a “Keller” feel around the clubhouse, referencing the great old public course in Maplewood, though it’s tough to place any other Minneapolis or St. Paul muni in the same class as Keller.

Columbia was laid out by William D. Clark, a well-known Twin Cities course architect of the 1920s and ’30s. Little-known fact about Clark: He also designed what was originally a six-hole layout in Chisago City and is now a lost course.

Columbia’s other lost-course connection: It is the longtime home of Mike Rak, a former state senior public links champion who caddied and then played the defunct Hilltop Public Golf Links course two miles up the road in Columbia Heights. Rak is a wonderful gentleman and storyteller who stoked my interest in writing “Fore! Gone.” by spending three hours last July touring the old Hilltop grounds with me and then telling me more about the place at his north Minneapolis home. Rak was part of a contingent of remarkably skilled north Minneapolis and Columbia Heights players who matriculated from Hilltop in the 1930s and ’40s and went on to notable amateur careers at the likes of Columbia and Gross.

columbiacenter

Columbia Learning Center and Driving Range: Adjacent to Columbia Golf Club, this is one of the better practice venues in the Twin Cities. It features target greens, a putting greens and pitching areas. (Speaking of pitching, maybe the Minnesota Twins starting rotation could make an offseason road trip here and work on their form.)

I counted 34 bays to hit from, via my Evelyn Wood-counting style. There might be more. It’s a First Tee facility, helping kids to learn the game. And I like the sign at the door. Paraphrasing: “Home to the Augsburg College golf team. Go Auggies!”

centerbrook

Centerbrook Golf Course, Brooklyn Center: Darn it. My photographic timing was a little off on this one. (Hey, no wisecracks about my photos. They were taken with my Android as I was all but running from one course to the next. And I’m a professional photographer like Amanda Bynes is a professional race car driver.) I snapped this about 10 seconds after a woman top-shank-sclaffed a shot 30 yards to the right off the first tee. I didn’t watch after that, but I doubt she subsequently spun a gap wedge to 18 inches and tapped in for par.

Courses like Centerbrook sometimes have to endure catty comments about the simplicity of their layouts, but one should not question for one second their importance to golf. It’s where beginners learn the game, where novices learn to love the game, where calendars don’t have to be used to measure playing time, and where anyone can play without feeling intimidated. I have the utmost respect for places like Centerbrook. It’s a crying shame so many par-3 and executive courses like this have turned into lost courses in the past 15 years.

gross

Gross National Golf Club, Minneapolis (it’s a Minneapolis address, but it looks to me like the course technically is within the confines of the St. Anthony Village borders): Another William D. Clark design, this course opened in 1925. It’s generally considered the best of the Minneapolis city courses, and it hosted the 1964 U.S. Public Links Championship.

Gross wasn’t originally Gross. (Hey, again — no wisecracks.) Like many of the Minneapolis courses, it was renamed. Gross originally was named Armour. The meatpacking company owned the land upon which Armour/Gross was built. The course was renamed after Francis A. Gross, who was known as “Mr. Park Board” and was Minneapolis park commissioner for 32 years. It’s a pretty fair value, at $28 weekdays and $32 weekends.

bolstad

Les Bolstad Golf Course, Falcon Heights: 16 holes north of Larpenteur Avenue and two holes south of it. Best known as the University of Minnesota golf course, and less well-known as the first golf course on which I played 36 holes in one day — and in brand-new golf shoes, to boot. (The modestly talented Winona State team I played for came up for an invitational meet in the late 1970s, and I forgot my shoes. Had to buy new ones at the course. The shoes and I both made it through all 36 holes. I wonder where those shoes are now. Dang, they were comfy.

( I can’t tell my other WSU/Bolstad story, or I might have my college golf letters retroactively rescinded. I can say it has to do with missing a tee time.)

Bolstad isn’t long enough to support modern-day college meets, but it’s still a fine everyday track, and it has an excellent practice facility designed by ex-Gopher Tom Lehman, a player of some repute. Thankfully, the U regents decided recently not to close down the Bolstad course and make it fodder for “Fore! Gone. Version 2.0.” (Don’t worry. There probably won’t be one of those.)

The hole pictured is No. 14, a short par 4, 280 yards off the white tees. Yes, those are runners on the course grounds. Bolstad is host to the annual Griak Invitational, one of the Midwest’s top college and high school cross country meets. The meets are today, and those runners were training yesterday. I photographed No. 14 so I could boast about having driven the green the last time I played Bolstad.

Yes, I three-putted for par.

Lost-course connections: Bolstad was designed by Tom Vardon, the prolific designer of the 1920s and ’30s who laid out five lost courses that are featured in my book. Also, the course was named for Les Bolstad, the former U of M golf coach who once served as head professional at Westwood Hills, a lost course in St. Louis Park. And before there was the University golf course, the school’s first intercollegiate meet was played at The Minnetonka Club in Deephaven, also known as the Burton Private Course, another lost course I wrote about.

Finally, the latest Kickstarter update: 13 days to go, $2,590 raised, $2,410 to reach goal. Have I mentioned I need pledges? Have I mentioned I can’t get the book into print unless I meet the goal? I have? Four hundred and thirty-one times? 

Fine. Now it’s 432. 

 

Tom’s green thumb

Matoska-AAEvery good book needs a protagonist, right?

Well, I’m not sure whether the fellow in the photo above qualifies as my protagonist, but he is the closest thing to a chief character in “Fore! Gone.” Tom Vardon shows up in the book like bogeys show up on my scorecard — early and often. (The photo is from the Library of Congress archives.)

Vardon, a native Englishman, was the head professional at White Bear Yacht Club in Dellwood from 1916-1937. He was the brother of the famed Harry Vardon, six-time British Open champion. Tom was no slouch with mashie in hand, either. He had nine top-10 finishes in the Open.

Tom also instructed Harrison “Jimmy” Johnston at WBYC; Johnson went on to win the 1929 U.S . Amateur, then considered a major tournament, at Pebble Beach and had a ticker-tape parade through the streets of downtown St. Paul thrown in his honor.

Yet it is Vardon’s prolific prowess as a golf course designer that has left the most lasting, and most undeservedly anonymous, mark on Minnesota golf. Among the courses Tom Vardon designed are at least 21 23  24 26 (updated April 2020) in Minnesota, including seven lost courses — Bunker Hills in Mendota Heights, Matoska in Gem Lake, Ortonville, the McAllen course in Pine City, Hinckley, Quality Park and Hillcrest Golf Club (originally named Lakeview) in St. Paul and Westwood Hills in St. Louis Park (the latter is my “king” of lost courses, with a star-studded and star-crossed history).

Vardon’s contributions to Minnesota golf are described in detail by Minnesota author Rick Shefchik in “From Fields to Fairways,” his estimable history of the state’s classic golf clubs. Shefchik appropriately dubs Vardon “The Unsung Hero” and writes, “Tom Vardon is the most unjustly forgotten figure in the history of Minnesota golf.”

I would place Vardon with Johnston, Patty Berg and C.T. Jaffray as the most important figures in Minnesota golf in the first half of the 20th century. (Just off my short list would be the likes of Harry Legg, Les Bolstad, Jock Hendry, Willie Kidd, D.N. Tallman and Gunnard Johnson. Totton Heffelfinger doesn’t make my list only because many of his considerable contributions came after 1950. But I digress.)

Shefchik listed the large majority of Tom Vardon-designed golf courses in his book. To my knowledge, no one has assembled a complete list — and, most likely, no one will, because there assuredly are other designs, lost or extant, that have not been publicly attributed to Vardon. That said, allow me to humbly be the first to attempt to compile a nearly complete list of golf courses designed by the remarkable Tom Vardon. (My sources, when they are not the Shefchik book, are noted in parentheses.)

I would be honored if you would weigh in with your favorite Tom Vardon design:

Settle Golf Club (North Yorkshire, England), 1895 (golfclubatlas.com)
Austin Country Club, 1919 (debatable; Austin Daily Herald reported in 1922 that Vardon was suggesting improvements to the course)
St. Cloud Country Club, 1919
Worthington Country Club, 1919
Meadow Lark Country Club (Great Falls, Mont.), 1919
St. Croix Valley Golf Club (Wis.), 1920
Minnewaska Golf Club, Glenwood, 1920
Brainerd Country Club (later Pine Meadows, now defunct), 1921 (Brainerd Daily Dispatch story, 1921)
Hillcrest Country Club (St. Paul, lost course), 1921
Sauk Centre Country Club, 1921
Ortonville Golf Club (original nine, now a lost course), 1922
Amery Golf Club (Wis.), 1922
Matoska Country Club (lost course), Gem Lake, 1923
Stillwater Country Club (first nine), 1924
Lakeview Golf Club (Mitchell, S.D.), 1925
Quality Park (St. Paul, lost course), 1925 (“Tee Party on the Green”)
Clear Lake Golf Club (Wis.), 1926
Highland Park Golf Club (St. Paul), 1928 (likely the second nine)
Long Prairie Golf Club, 1927
St. James Golf Club, 1927
Cannon Golf Club (Cannon Falls), 1927
Shoreland Golf Club (St. Peter), 1928
Lake City Golf Club, 1928
Southview Country Club (West St. Paul), 1929
Minot Country Club (N.D.), 1929
Eau Claire Golf & Country Club (Wis.), 1929
Westwood Hills Golf Club (St. Louis Park, lost course), 1929
Hinckley Golf Course, 1929
University of Minnesota Golf Club (Falcon Heights), 1929 redesign
Como Golf Club (St. Paul), 1932 (second nine)
Spooner Golf Club (Wis.), 1930
Little Falls Golf Club, 1930-31 redesign
Merrill Golf Club (Wis.), 1930
Willmar Golf Club (Minn., now Eagle Creek), 1931
McAllen course (Pine City, Minn.), 1931
Phalen Golf Club (St. Paul), 1932 redesign
Bunker Hills Country Club (Mendota Heights, lost course), 1933
Lee Park Golf Club (Aberdeen, S.D.) 1933
Rugby Golf Club (Rugby, N.D), 1934
Benson Golf Course (Minn., likely a redesign), 1937
Luck Golf Course (now Luck Municipal, Luck, Wis.), opened 1938 (Minneapolis Tribune)

Others
Note: The courses listed below are part of a Wikipedia entry. I will not deign to judge the veracity of “Wiki” listings. Judge for yourself:
Coventry Golf Club (England), 1911 (also credited by WorldGolf.com and golfclubatlas.com)
Kendal Golf Club (England) (alterations to the original layout)
St. Augustines (Cliffsend, England), 1907 (also credited by WorldGolf.com)
In addition, Wikipedia credits Vardon with adding pot bunkers to Strathpeffer (Scotland) Golf Club in 1908. This would not count as a Vardon design.

Contributions
White Bear Yacht Club — there is a long and often-contentious thread about the original designer of WBYC at golfclubatlas.com.  Essentially, one camp considers Donald Ross the primary designer; another believes William Watson was the original designer. Either way, it is apparent that Vardon contributed to the lauded design, possibly before he became the WBYC pro.
Shattuck Golf Course (Faribault; it now is what I have termed in my book a “rebirthed” course — the Shattuck course is gone, replaced in its entirety by Legacy Golf Course)

One final note: I’m not going to select my favorite Vardon design because, sadly, there are a lot of courses on the list that I haven’t played. But my favorite Vardon hole, and one of my favorite holes by any definition, is the 18th at Spooner Golf Club in northwestern Wisconsin, a 408-yard par-4 off an elevated tee and with water all along the right side to the green. A Tom Vardon masterpiece.

I must close with a shameless plug. I am in urgent need of more pledges for my Kickstarter.com campaign, which must succeed in order for me to get “Fore! Gone. Minnesota’s Lost Golf Courses, 1897-1999” published. I’m afraid I have no other means by which to offset printing costs. If you’d like to make a pledge — and there are rewards that go with all pledge levels — you can find a link to the Kickstarter campaign elsewhere in this blog, or go to Kickstarter.com and do a search for my name. Thank you!

Joe Bissen

Worth the walk

With the Labor Day weekend already in full swing for many, my timing here isn’t optimal. But I realized just now that for anyone vacationing in northeastern Minnesota, there’s a great (and cheap, i.e. free) little day trip or half-day trip worth taking, either on Labor Day weekend or anytime before the leaves fall. Best of all, it’s lost-golf course-related.

Tucked inside the Chippewa National Forest, about 30 miles north of Grand Rapids and on the western shore of Trout Lake, are the remains of the Joyce Estate, which for much of the 20th century was owned by an ultramegawealthy lumber family from Chicago. The Joyces constructed a remarkable complex of log homes and buildings and recreational areas — yes, including their very own quaint little golf course — on 4,500 acres. Many of the buildings are still standing, on grounds maintained by Chippewa National Forest staff.

There is one small issue, however, with visiting the place, though this issue actually constitutes part of the appeal in the visit. The Joyce Estate is accessible only via a three-mile walk through the northwoods on a hiking trail (or you can ride bicycles in).

I visited Joyce Estate last fall for the purpose of finding out about the golf course, which turned out to be less than, say, the northern Minnesota prequel to the Quarry Course at Giants Ridge. But I knew that coming in. Still, I could not have enjoyed my walk through the woods and my lakeside visit more, and it turned into the fodder for one of my favorite chapters in “Fore! Gone.”

I’ll offer a few photos, below. Feel free to chuckle at their composition and/or quality. They are what they are. Happy Labor Day weekend.

Nopeming-A

Nopeming-B2 Nopeming-D (Vintage photo above right  — it’s the old golf clubhouse.) Joyce11 Joyce15 Joyce12

Dubyas

Hilltop, No. 15

The journalist in me says this would be a good time to back up and cover some of the W’s of lost golf courses. So here goes:

Who: Not a good “W” to start with, but I’ll get to it.

What: As in, “What is a lost golf course?” It’s any piece of land — or concrete, in a handful of instances — that once was a golf course but has been abandoned. That seems self-evident, so maybe it makes sense to detail what, in the case of my book, is not a golf course.
A course that has been redesigned or even rerouted in its original location is not a lost course.
A course that closed after the year 1999 is not a lost golf course, at least for the purposes of my book. I wanted the book to be historical in nature and leave readers saying, “Wow, I never knew there was a golf course there.” I know I did that more than once while researching. (Spring Grove? Mountain Iron? A state prison grounds?) Plus, there are so many lost courses since 1999 — must be at least a dozen just in the Twin Cities area — that I
didn’t want to make my lost-course project any more complicated than it already was.
The distinction between “golf clubs” and “golf courses” also should be noted.  A golf club (no, not the implement used to propel a ball in mostly unintended directions) is an organization. A golf course is a tangible piece of land. A few Minnesota golf clubs still in existence operated what now are lost golf courses. Faribault is a notable example.

Where: All across Minnesota, from Warroad to Tower to Caledonia to Pipestone. Still, that “four corners” reference is a bit misleading. Minnesota’s lost courses weren’t sprinkled throughout the state so much as sprinkled through the north and north-central and “gobbed” in two areas — the Twin Cities metro (25 lost courses) and a swath across the very southern section of the state, from the South Dakota to Wisconsin borders (18 courses). That’s more than half of the state’s lost courses in just those two areas.
In the coming weeks, I’ll provide a link to an interactive map that shows locations of more than 80 Minnesota lost golf courses.

When: 1897 through 1999, hence the book’s subtitle. But there is a clear pattern of courses that were created in the 1920s and disappeared in the 1930s and ’40s.

Why: Two ways to look at that question …
— Why did they disappear? Many reasons, though there is one clear pattern that’s explained at length in the book. Or …
— Why did I write about them? Well, mostly because I found them damn fascinating.
The topic was not my idea. A fellow named Don Rohrer suggested it to the editors of Minnesota Golfer Magazine in 2010, and those editors approached me about writing about lost courses of the Twin Cities, which I did in the summer 2010 MN Golfer issue. I loved the assignment, everything about it. I met a gentleman named Don Dostert who gave me a wonderful motor tour around a lost golf course, Bunker Hills in Mendota Heights (no, that is not a typo. Minnesota’s original Bunker Hills golf course was in the south St. Paul suburb.). The idea bubbled around in my head for two years, until I decided to jump headlong into a book project in July 2012. The result is “Fore! Gone. Minnesota’s Lost Golf Courses, 1897-1999,” which I hope to have in print before the end of 2013.

Back to “Who?”:  My favorite “W” of all, in the case of researching the book. I made hundreds of phone calls — 500 for sure, maybe more — trying to find people who knew about lost golf courses. That always was my main motivation — can I find someone who can tell me about the old double-dogleg at Westwood Hills or someone who lives on the old eighth fairway at Northwood? There were more misses than hits (and fewer misses, missuses and Ms.es than misters), but I struck gold more than once, with wonderful older folks like Mike Rak, an engaging 91-year-old who showed me every square foot of the old Hilltop Public Golf Links in Columbia Heights, then went home and sketched out a detailed, in-scale map of the lost layout.
By the way, that’s a view of the modern-day Hilltop grounds at the top of this post.